{"id":557,"date":"2019-09-26T09:00:09","date_gmt":"2019-09-26T09:00:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2celsius.org\/transport\/?p=557"},"modified":"2019-09-26T09:00:09","modified_gmt":"2019-09-26T09:00:09","slug":"masinile-fara-sofer-vor-inrautati-traficul-si-vor-agrava-poluarea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/2celsius.org\/transport\/masinile-fara-sofer-vor-inrautati-traficul-si-vor-agrava-poluarea\/","title":{"rendered":"Ma\u0219inile f\u0103r\u0103 \u0219ofer vor \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u021bi traficul \u0219i vor agrava poluarea aerului"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Introducerea necontrolat\u0103 a ma\u0219inilor f\u0103r\u0103 \u0219ofer \u00een circula\u021bie va cre\u0219te traficul \u00een ora\u0219ele europene cu \u00eentre 50% \u0219i 150% p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2050, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 ora de v\u00e2rf va dura toat\u0103 ziua, arat\u0103 un nou studiu al organiza\u021biei de mediu Transport & Environment. De asemenea, cre\u0219terea nereglementat\u0103 a num\u0103rului de ma\u0219ini autonome, anticipat\u0103 de industrie, ar duce la o cre\u0219tere de 40% a emisiilor de CO2 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2050, anul\u00e2nd toate obiectivele climatice ale Europei.<\/p>\n

Vehiculele f\u0103r\u0103 \u0219ofer ar urma s\u0103 devin\u0103 at\u00e2t de ieftine \u00eenc\u00e2t ar \u00eencuraja oamenii, sau chiar ma\u0219ini f\u0103r\u0103 oameni \u00een ele, s\u0103 c\u0103l\u0103toreasc\u0103 mai mult \u0219i pe distan\u021be mai mari. Pentru a se asigura c\u0103 ma\u0219inile f\u0103r\u0103 \u0219ofer nu vor duce la o cre\u0219tere a emisiilor, municipalit\u0103\u021bile ar trebui s\u0103 refuze accesul ma\u0219inilor autonome cu motor pe combustie intern\u0103, este recomandarea exper\u021bilor de la T&E. Asta ar reduce emisiile cu 23% \u00een intervalul 2019-2050 comparativ cu o lume f\u0103r\u0103 ma\u0219ini electrice sau ma\u0219ini f\u0103r\u0103 \u0219ofer.<\/p>\n

Studiul arat\u0103 c\u0103 ma\u0219inile zero-emisii \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 \u0219ofer, chiar dac\u0103 sunt folosite la comun, nu vor rezolva problema congestiilor \u00een ora\u0219ele europene. Asta din cauz\u0103 c\u0103 astfel de vehicule vor fi foarte ieftine \u0219i foarte convenabile, ceea ce creeaz\u0103 o cerere pentru utilizatorii transportului public, ocup\u00e2nd spa\u021biu care ar putea deveni disponibil.<\/p>\n

Model\u0103rile arat\u0103 c\u0103 ora\u0219ele care reduc, treptat, spa\u021biul destinat ma\u0219inilor \u00een acela\u0219i timp cu promovarea ma\u0219inilor autonome, electrice, folosite \u00een comun, traficul s-ar reduce cu 60%. Aceast\u0103 schimbare \u00een planificarea urban\u0103 ar reduce emisiile provenite de la ma\u0219ini cu 32% p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2050 \u0219i ar \u00eensemna, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu trecerea la vehicule zero emisii, un transport european decarbonat\u00a0 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2050.<\/p>\n

\u201eAutomatizarea, electrificarea \u0219i folosirea \u00een comun sunt trei revolu\u021bii care ar putea transforma felul \u00een care ne mi\u0219c\u0103m. Dar dac\u0103 acestea vor fi bune pentru mediu sau dac\u0103 vor face ora\u0219ele mai locuibile depinde doar de deciziile guvernelor. Dac\u0103 vrem mobilitate sustenabil\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 interzicem ma\u0219inile f\u0103r\u0103 \u0219ofer cu combustie intern\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 reducem treptat spa\u021biul pentru ma\u0219ini \u00een ora\u0219ele noastre. Avem nevoie de primari care s\u0103 sus\u021bin\u0103 aceast\u0103 a patra revolu\u021bie\u00a0 \u0219i s\u0103 cear\u0103 \u00eenapoi str\u0103zile pentru oameni<\/em>\u201d, a declarat Yoann Le Petit, expert \u00een mobilitate la T&E.<\/p>\n

Ma\u0219inile f\u0103r\u0103 \u0219ofer nu sunt o realitate \u00eenc\u0103, dar riscurile sunt evidente. Platformele pe baz\u0103 de aplica\u021bii precum Uber\u00a0 – care are program pilot de servicii pe baz\u0103 de ma\u0219ini autonome \u2013 \u00eencurajeaz\u0103 noi c\u0103l\u0103torii \u0219i duc la cre\u0219terea num\u0103rului de kilometri parcur\u0219i, cresc\u00e2nd \u00een acela\u0219i timp emisiile \u0219i agrav\u00e2nd congestia. \u00centr-un scenariu \u00een care ma\u0219inile Uber sunt automatizate, costurile pentru o astfel de ma\u0219in\u0103 ar putea sc\u0103dea chiar \u0219i cu 50%, iar cererea ar cre\u0219te. Dac\u0103 ma\u0219inile f\u0103r\u0103 \u0219ofer de la Uber ar avea un ocupant\u00a0 \u0219i ar fi pe baz\u0103 de combustie intern\u0103, deci nu electrice, aceste servicii ar cre\u0219te poluarea aerului \u0219i ar contribui la schimb\u0103rile climatice.<\/p>\n

\u201eModelul de business al companiilor ca Uber se bazeaz\u0103 pe cre\u0219tere rapid\u0103, iar autonomia ma\u0219inilor este una dintre cele mai importante c\u0103i de explorat. Dac\u0103 asta duce la congestie sau la cre\u0219terea emisiilor nu e o preocupare pentru ele. Totu\u0219i, noi credem c\u0103 dac\u0103 sunt gestionate corect, serviciile de c\u0103l\u0103torie pe baz\u0103 de comenzi pot juca un rol \u00een reducerea dependen\u021bei de ma\u0219ini \u0219i \u00een \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea mobilit\u0103\u021bii urbane. Dar asta \u00eenseamn\u0103 ca deciden\u021bii s\u0103-\u0219i fac\u0103 treaba. Avem nevoie urgent de politici care s\u0103 asigure c\u0103 taxiurile \u0219i ma\u0219inile de tip Uber care opereaz\u0103 \u00een marile ora\u0219e vor fi zero emisii nu mai t\u00e2rziu de 2025, cu stimulente pentru c\u0103l\u0103torii \u00een comun \u0219i o reducere treptat\u0103 a parc\u0103rilor disponibile pentru ma\u0219inile private<\/em>\u201d, a ad\u0103ugat Le Petit.<\/p>\n

Raportul complet poate fi consultat aici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Introducerea necontrolat\u0103 a ma\u0219inilor f\u0103r\u0103 \u0219ofer \u00een circula\u021bie va cre\u0219te traficul \u00een ora\u0219ele europene cu \u00eentre 50% \u0219i 150% p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2050, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 ora de v\u00e2rf va dura toat\u0103 ziua, arat\u0103 un nou studiu al organiza\u021biei de mediu Transport & Environment. De asemenea, cre\u0219terea nereglementat\u0103 a num\u0103rului de ma\u0219ini autonome, anticipat\u0103 de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[79,81,77,80],"class_list":["post-557","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-masini-fara-sofer","tag-trafic","tag-transport","tag-uber"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/2celsius.org\/transport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/557","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/2celsius.org\/transport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/2celsius.org\/transport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2celsius.org\/transport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2celsius.org\/transport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=557"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/2celsius.org\/transport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/557\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":559,"href":"https:\/\/2celsius.org\/transport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/557\/revisions\/559"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/2celsius.org\/transport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=557"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2celsius.org\/transport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=557"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2celsius.org\/transport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=557"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}